Your friends and relatives already recognize you as a great soap maker, when they are ready to grab your products, not letting it freeze, their reviews on how to wash, how to velvet and rejoice in the skin, how butterflies sit on their hands in search of nectar, emitting such an amazing aroma, you have already … to the light bulb, you can, and your soap-making hands are already itching to start cooking soap with caustic soda. This is a way of cooking soap in an adult way with TB and OBZH, with active alkali and rubber gloves. With mathematics and a soap calculator, with a choice of oils and difficult words for consumers of consumer goods, like "saponification number"
So, the saponification number is an indicator of the quality of the oil, depending on a number of factors, the degree of purification is only one of them and, apparently, the most important for the nutritional consumption of the oil. From the soap maker's point of view, the saponification number is a number showing how much caustic soda can be added to this oil to produce a quality solid, non-brittle, moderately greasy soap.
Naturally, out of the kindness of soul and generosity, soap makers do not hide the number of saponifications of the oils that they use, moreover, they highly recommend asking this figure from manufacturers, because there may be differences that can spoil all the pleasure and soap.
The saponification number shows how much alkali is needed for complete obesity of the oil, soap obtained in exact accordance will perfectly wash and wash, but with the skin it may not interact gently and gently enough. If you intend to enrich the soap with several oils, then you will have to use the formula. Immediately give 5% to a gentle attitude to the skin, so that the finished soap does not dry it. 10% more oils than the calculated value – already a lot, soap can be greasy and oily.
Suppose that the base of the soap will consist of olive, sunflower and cocoa butter. For the first sample we will save:
500 grams of olive oil (so that the soap is solid, and the foam is silky) was, 200 grams of coconut oil (so that the bubbles were large), 200 grams of palm oil (to be stored for a long time, this is unlikely to work for a beginner) and 100 grams of cocoa butter (to be surely manual and definitely cool).
Take the oil certificates and look at the numbers, substitute them instead of those in the table above (so it will be more accurate) and get the amount of caustic soda needed to get soap:
0,95*(500*0,134+200*0,19+200*0,141+100*0,137)=139,5
To make soap you will need water, its amount is determined by the formula (weight of basic oils)*0.375
Manufacturers of oils also give such an indicator as the iodine number. Without going into chemical details, we can say that the higher the iodine number, the less solid the finished soap will be.